Resposta ao porquê das constantes subidas dos preços de bens essenciais e petróleo

Em dois excelentes artigos no site Global Research do professor de Economia da Universidade de Ottawwa, Mitchel Chossudovsky, um escrito por ele próprio, Global Famine e outro escrito por F. William Engdahl, ‘Perhaps 60% of today’s oil price is pure speculation, ficamos a perceber que os preços galopantes de bens essenciais como o trigo, arroz e milho e do crude (petróleo), se devem única e exclusivamente a ESPECULAÇÃO BOLSISTA, levada a cabo essencialmente nas duas maiores e principais bolsas mundiais, a Londrina e a de Nova Iorque.

Em ambos os casos, a negociata passa principalmente pela venda de futuros, "put options e call options" sem qualquer controlo por quem de direito, até porque quem autorizou semelhante trafulhice seria quem deveria controlar o mercado.

Relativamente ao crude e gás, quem controla os preços, sem qualquer intervenção por parte dos produtores, OPEC, são principalmente as 4 maiores empresas petrolíferas Anglo-Americanas e duas grandes casas de corretagem, a Goldman Sachs e a Morgan Stanley.

Todas estas informações/afirmações relativamente ao crude, podem ser encontradas no "A June 2006 US Senate Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations report on “The Role of Market Speculation in rising oil and gas prices,” noted, “…there is substantial evidence supporting the conclusion that the large amount of speculation in the current market has significantly increased prices.”"

Os actuais preços nada têm a ver com uma maior procura ou mesmo reservas baixas, especialmente por parte dos EUA, aliás, a procura tem-se mantido relativamente constante e as reservas estão no seu nível mais alto dos últimos anos.

‘Perhaps 60% of today’s oil price is pure speculation’

Since the advent of oil futures trading and the two major London and New York oil futures contracts, control of oil prices has left OPEC and gone to Wall Street. It is a classic case of the “tail that wags the dog.”

‘Perhaps 60% of today’s oil price is pure speculation’

In June 2006, oil traded in futures markets at some $60 a barrel and the Senate investigation estimated that some $25 of that was due to pure financial speculation. One analyst estimated in August 2005 that US oil inventory levels suggested WTI crude prices should be around $25 a barrel, and not $60.

That would mean today that at least $50 to $60 or more of today’s $115 a barrel price is due to pure hedge fund and financial institution speculation. However, given the unchanged equilibrium in global oil supply and demand over recent months amid the explosive rise in oil futures prices traded on Nymex and ICE exchanges in New York and London it is more likely that as much as 60% of the today oil price is pure speculation. No one knows officially except the tiny handful of energy trading banks in New York and London and they certainly aren’t talking.

Relativamente à especulação à volta dos preços de bens essenciais como o trigo, milho e arroz, para além do objectivo de ganharem biliões à custa da vida humana, o objectivo final será substituir estas colheitas por colheitas de organismos genéticamente modificados, onde gigantescas multinacionais tais como a Monsanto, patenteiam as sementes, modificam-nas para que só aceitem os fertilizantes e herbicidas da própria empresa, sem os quais não sobrevivem, e por fim, a cereja no cimo do bolo, as sementes resultantes são "estéreis", para poderem ter a próxima colheitas terão de comprar mais sementes à Monsanto.


Global Famine

Genetically Modified Seeds

Coinciding with the establishment the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 1995, another important historical change has occurred in the structure of global agriculture.

Under the articles of agreement of the World Trade Organization (WTO)), the food giants will have unrestricted freedom to enter the seeds markets of developing countries. The acquisition of exclusive "intellectual property rights" over plant varieties by international agro-industrial interests, also favors the destruction of bio-diversity.

Acting on behalf of a handful of biotech conglomerates, GMO seeds have been imposed on farmers, often in the context of "food aid programs". In Ethiopia, for instance, kits of GMO seeds were handed out to impoverished farmers with a view to rehabilitating agricultural production in the wake of a major drought . The GMO seeds were planted, yielding a harvest. But then the farmer came to realize that the GMO seeds could not be replanted without paying royalties to Monsanto, Arch Daniel Midland et al. Then, the farmers discovered that the seeds would harvest only if they used the farm inputs including the fertilizer, insecticide and herbicide, produced and distributed by the biotech agribusiness companies. Entire peasant economies were locked into the grip of the agribusiness conglomerates.

Breaking The Agricultural Cycle

With the widespread adoption of GMO seeds, a major transition has occurred in the structure and history of settled agriculture since its inception 10,000 years ago.

The reproduction of seeds at the village level in local nurseries has been disrupted by the use of genetically modified seeds. The agricultural cycle, which enables farmers to store their organic seeds and plant them to reap the next harvest has been broken. This destructive pattern – invariably resulting in famine – is replicated in country after country leading to the Worldwide demise of the peasant economy.

Mas melhor que a minha escrita, aconselho vivamente a leitura destes dois artigos.



Global Famine

Global Famine

by Michel Chossudovsky

Global Research, May 2, 2008

Humanity is undergoing in the post-Cold War era an economic and social crisis of unprecedented scale leading to the rapid impoverishment of large sectors of the World population. National economies are collapsing, unemployment is rampant. Local level famines have erupted in Sub-Saharan Africa, South Asia and parts of Latin America. This "globalization of poverty" --which has largely reversed the achievements of post-war decolonization-- was initiated in the Third World coinciding with the debt crisis of the early 1980s and the imposition of the IMF's deadly economic reforms.

The New World Order feeds on human poverty and the destruction of the natural environment. It generates social apartheid, encourages racism and ethnic strife, undermines the rights of women and often precipitates countries into destructive confrontations between nationalities. Since the 1990s, it has extended its grip to all major regions of the World including North America, Western Europe, the countries of the former Soviet block and the "Newly Industrialized Countries" (NICs) of South East Asia and the Far East.

This Worldwide crisis is more devastating than the Great Depression of the 1930s. It has far-reaching geo-political implications; economic dislocation has also been accompanied by the outbreak of regional wars, the fracturing of national societies and in some cases the destruction of entire countries. By far this is the most serious economic crisis in modern history. (Michel Chossudovsky, The Globalization of Poverty, First Edition, 1997)

‘Perhaps 60% of today’s oil price is pure speculation’

‘Perhaps 60% of today’s oil price is pure speculation’

by F. William Engdahl

Global Research, May 2, 2008

The price of crude oil today is not made according to any traditional relation of supply to demand. It’s controlled by an elaborate financial market system as well as by the four major Anglo-American oil companies. As much as 60% of today’s crude oil price is pure speculation driven by large trader banks and hedge funds. It has nothing to do with the convenient myths of Peak Oil. It has to do with control of oil and its price. How?